Triathlon Regimen logoTriathlon RegimenScience-backed tools for triathletes
CalculatorsGuides
/
Open Race Calculator
/
Guides LibraryTriathlonSwimBikeRun
CalculatorsGuidesOpen Race Calculator
Quick Help
Editorial TeamContact

Triathlon Regimen

Built for triathletes who want better decisions, not more noise.

Free race calculators, benchmark data, and training metrics for every triathlon distance from Super Sprint to Ironman.

Explore

  • Triathlon
  • Swim
  • Bike
  • Run
  • Guides

Our Platforms

  • Triathlon Regimen
  • Cycling Regimen
  • Run Regimen
  • Swimming Regimen
  • Rowing Regimen

Trust

  • Editorial Team
  • Editorial Standards
  • About
  • Contact
  • Privacy
  • Terms

© 2026 Triathlon Regimen. Science-backed tools for triathletes.

Privacy-first. No ads, no account required.

  1. Home
  2. /Calculators
  3. /Swim
  4. /Swim Zones
Last reviewed: May 2, 2026Reviewed by: Manish Rajput

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between CSS zones and Swimsmooth zones?

CSS zones use 5 broad categories anchored to your critical swim speed. Swimsmooth uses 6 more granular zones defined as offsets from CSS pace (CSS-10, CSS-5, CSS, CSS+5, etc.), which many coaches find more practical for writing swim sets.

How do I test my CSS?

Swim a 400m time trial and a 200m time trial (in that order, with 5-10 min rest between). CSS = (400m distance - 200m distance) / (400m time - 200m time). Our calculator does this math for you.

How should weekly swim volume be distributed?

For triathlon, about 60% of swim volume should be at or below CSS pace (endurance), 25% at CSS pace (threshold development), and 15% above CSS (speed and race preparation).

Evidence

References

  • Determination and validity of critical swimming velocity

    Journal of Swimming Research

  • Swim Smooth: The Complete Coaching System

    Swimsmooth

This calculator provides estimates based on published exercise science research. Individual responses vary. These outputs are not a substitute for coaching, medical clearance, or your own experience. Always listen to your body and consult a qualified professional before making significant changes to your training.

Related calculators

Keep the next decision close.

Critical Swim Speed Calculator

Swim

Calculate critical swim speed from two swim efforts and turn it into triathlon-ready threshold pacing guidance.

FTP Calculator

Bike

Estimate functional threshold power and turn it into cleaner bike zones, Sweet Spot targets, and triathlon pacing anchors.

VDOT Calculator

Run

Turn a recent race result into practical run training paces, track splits, equivalent performances, and triathlon-aware interpretation.

Swim

Swim Training Zones Calculator

Calculate swim training zones using CSS-based and Swimsmooth methods. Get training set suggestions, stroke rate guidance, and weekly distribution recommendations.

CSS Test Times

200m Time Trial

400m Time Trial

CSS-Based (5 Zones)CSS: 1:45 /100m

ZoneNamePace /100mRPEStroke RateExample Sets
1Recovery2:27 – 2:112-3/1050-55 spm8x50 easy on 1:00 | 4x100 drill/swim on 2:00
2Endurance2:11 – 1:564-5/1055-60 spm10x100 on CSS+10s | 5x200 on CSS+15s
3Threshold (CSS)1:56 – 1:436-7/1060-65 spm5x200 at CSS | 10x100 at CSS on CSS+15s
4VO2max1:43 – 1:358-9/1065-70 spm8x100 fast on 2:00 | 4x150 hard on 3:00
5Sprint/Anaerobic1:35 – 1:249-10/1070+ spm12x25 sprint on :45 | 8x50 all-out on 1:30

Weekly Volume Distribution

Z1
Z2
Z3
Z4
Z5
Recovery 15%Endurance 45%Threshold 25%VO2 10%Sprint 5%
  • Focus 60-70% of training volume at or below CSS pace.
  • Include 1-2 threshold sessions per week (Zone 3) for race-pace development.
  • Sprint work (Zone 5) should be 5% or less of total volume but is critical for race starts.

Swimsmooth (6 Zones)CSS: 1:45 /100m

ZoneNamePace /100mRPEStroke RateExample Sets
1Recovery2:10 – 2:002/1048-52 spm4x50 easy choice stroke | 200 easy pull
2CSS -101:59 – 1:514/1052-58 spm6x200 at CSS+10 | 10x100 at CSS+8
3CSS Pace1:50 – 1:436-7/1058-62 spm5x200 at CSS | 8x100 at CSS
4CSS +51:42 – 1:387-8/1062-66 spm6x100 at CSS-5 | 4x150 at CSS-5
5CSS +101:37 – 1:338-9/1066-70 spm8x50 at CSS-10 | 4x100 at CSS-10 on 2:30
6Sprint1:32 – 1:259-10/1070+ spm12x25 sprint | 8x50 race pace

Weekly Volume Distribution

Z1
Z2
Z3
Z4
Z5
Recovery 15%Endurance 45%Threshold 25%VO2 10%Sprint 5%
  • Swimsmooth recommends variety — use different zones each session.
  • CSS pace work (Zone 3) should be the backbone of 2-3 sessions per week.
  • Include one speed session and one endurance session per week.